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Do not try to imitate another lawyer you respect and admire. Be professional. One of the best ways to be a persuasive lawyer is to not talk like a lawyer. Speak from your heart, not your lawyer brain. Speak with confidence, use good eye contact and pauses when speaking with—not to—the jury. Cicero taught that what reaches the mind also moves the heart. Use passion, reason, and commonsense logic. Communicate your passion and logic in words the jury will understand. A powerful and persuasive opening statement does not just provide a road map for the jury before they see and hear the evidence; your opening also sets up your closing argument.

In this regard, consider using rhetorical questions. They also plant the seed of unfairness— i. Above all, you might be surprised by the head nods, or even verbal responses, you might receive from jurors. Posing rhetorical questions to jurors is equally persuasive in closing arguments as well. They are also fun in cross-examination too. Make Concessions. There are going to be unfavorable facts in every trial case. If there were no unfavorable facts, our clients would not need us.

Do not run or hide from ugly facts. Embrace them up front. It is imperative that you disclose and concede certain unfavorable facts. The jury is going to hear about them anyway, so they might as well hear about them from you. By disclosing them and mitigating them, you draw the sting and minimize the pain they cause to your case.

You also gain credibility in the eyes of the jury. You cannot win every battle in a trial, but by conceding certain things or facts and focusing on other things and facts, you can put yourself in a credible position to win the war. Things to Avoid in an Opening Statement.

Never overstate, embellish, or exaggerate any fact or statement you make in your opening statement. Doing so will undermine your credibility and do irreparable damage. The trial could be over for you before it even begins. Your relationship with the jury is the same as your personal relationships—trust and credibility that are lost can never be regained. You will be deemed untrustworthy by jurors, and your arguments will be summarily rejected, even if they are meritorious arguments.

Present your story, and let the jury understand the other side of the pancake. Do not promise something that you cannot, or will not, deliver. Jurors will hold you accountable and responsible for most everything you say.

Do not tell the jury your client will testify and you will hear this and I will prove it to you—unless you intend to do just that. Choose your words carefully. Never assume a burden of proof you do not have.

Let the focus be on what the State has to prove. Yale UP, New Haven. De la vida de dos actores importantes de la trata —D. Botefeur y John Ormond jr. Cuban Studies, vol. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, p. Viking, Nueva York, pp. Truman State UP, Kirksville, pp. The British Museum, Londres, pp. Transformations along the Guinea-Bissau coast, , Heinemann, Portsmouth, pp. Diogenes, vol. Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden, p. The American Historical Review, vol.

Brill, Leiden. Me- morias. Ediciones Bellaterra, Barcelona. Hispanic American Historical Review, vol. Juan Madrazo 4 barcos [50] ; D. Jose Garcia Alvarez 4 ; D. Ysidro Ynglada 1 ; D.

Francisco Bengochea 1 ; S. Jose Carrera 1 ; D. Jose Estaletta y otros 1 ; D. Antonio Esco- to ; D. Pedro Giral 1 ; D. Francisco Comas 1 ; D. Salvador Mar- tiartu 2 ; D. Pablo Samas 1 ; D. Juan Madrazo del com. Juan Jose Sangron. Antonio Frias 3 ; D. Francisco Layseca 1 ; D. Luis de Martinez 1 ; D. Matias Acebal 1 ; D. Martin Madan 1 ; D. Jose Fernandez 1 ; D. Daniel Botefur 1 52; S.

Gaspar Hernand. Joaquin Madan 2 ; D. Manuel Lorio 3 ; D. Lorenzo Romay y D. Goleta Moncerrate de [Pedro] Blanco … [Esp. Goleta «Eu- genia, de [Pedro] Blanco … [Esp. El nombre de este buque era Isabel Ysabel. Su propietario y armador fue Antonio Escoto, un gran comerciante capitalista de La Habana.

Escoto era un negrero. Los rebeldes masacraron a todos los blancos. A Hidden Network of Slavers and Merchants. Markus Wiener, Princeton, pp. Fue una tragedia. Ohio State University, Athens. Ambos vendieron con la ayuda de otros traficantes el resto de los cautivos, ya ven- didos una vez, a la nave Junta de Sevilla.

Planting rice and harvesting slaves. Transformations along the Guinea-Bissau coast, Heinemann, Portsmouth. El barco transportaba, repito, al lado 71 Hair, P. Hakluyt Society, Londres, t. II, p. Historical Perspectives on Cultural Transfer and Adaption. Estados de los negros introducidos en la Ha- bana.

Aunque casi todo el mundo —y sobre todo los alemanes mismos— piensa que no hubo alemanes en la trata. Transatlantic Slavery and Continental Europe, The Boydel Press, Woodbridge. Y ahora viene el racismo funcional. Lo que le quedaba a Escoto era quejarse de formalidades. Primero, Daniel Botefeur como hombre experimentado en el manejo de legalidad e ilegalidad, incriminaba un robo de 2.

CHAM, Lisboa, pp. Como lo es que situado yo en esta Ciudad y antes de casar- me, tenia yo una herreria en mi propia casa, en la que p. Como tambien es verdad q. Como tambien es cierto q. Diga como es verdad q. Como es cierto q. Diga como es cierto q. Como tambien es verdad que algun tiempo despues de esta ocurrencia, y durmiendo el q. Como es verdad q. Diga como es cierto que habiendome dicho q. Exprese claramente, y sobre esto llamo la atencion del S. Havana y Febrero 26 de Daniel Botefour de quien se recibio juram.

Al segundo: que el sugeto q. Al duodecimo: que despues q. Daniel Botefeur se pone furioso. Roberto niega haber robado el dinero. Baxo tan equivocado principio hablo respetuoso se protege expresamente en el auto Parece que el esclavo cosmopolita ha ganado el pleito. Sebastian Fernandez de Velasco, Hab. La Escalera and the Insurgencies of En torno al reglamento de esclavos en Cuba Coronel del Real Cuerpo de Artilleria D.

Testamentaria de D. Mira el comportamiento general de la familia propietaria de esclavos y la resistencia de las esclavas maltratadas y otros escla- vos alrededor de ellas.

Finalmente, investiga la herencia de los conflictos raciales-so- ciales de la esclavitud y post-esclavitud hasta hoy. ABSTRACT This contribution counts a micro-history starting at a case of bad treatment of slaves revealed by an abolitionist newspaper and investigated by the colonial state in the final years of slavery in Martinique.

The paper reconstructs the family of the freedmen in the moment of emancipa- tion and the social conflicts on the plantations of the family Desgrottes after abolition. Finally, it investigates the heritage of the racial-social conflicts of slavery and post-slavery until today. Keywords: Martinique, slavery, post-emancipation, resistance, slave insurrection.

La traite transatlantique des esclaves ne fut abolie que sous la Monarchie de Juillet, en Jenning: , p. Joseph de Cluny de propager leur religion Deslisle: , pp. En il y avait environ Bruneau-Latouche, Cordiez et Cordiez: , pp. Au sujet de la plantation, cf. Cyrille Desgrottes — M. Extrait des Greffes de la Cour Royale, 3. Pujo, Procureur du Roi du mars et avril de La paroisse est celle de Sainte Anne de Macouba. Pierre, M. Une lettre de M. Sophie se plaignait du manquement de vivres et du travail de nuit pendant la roulaison de la canne et la fabrication du sucre.

Lettre du Gouverneur au Ministre 9. Esclaves dangereux. Expulsions Rapport en Conseil, Colonie de la Martinique. Lara: , p. A ce moment Gaspar Paille, nouveau libre et cultivateur, avait 50 ans et Segonde Chatelot Sur Cuba, cf. Lettre du Gouverneur au Ministre de la Marine et des Colonies. Rapport confidentiel du Gouverneur du Loisne au Ministre de la Marine et des colonies, 1.

Extrait des Greffes de la Cour Royale, 1. Bibliographie Ball, E. London, Penguin. Beckles, H. Kingston, University of West Indies Press. Bodinier, J. Cardin, J. Bruneau-Latouche, E. Cauna, J. Henri Deschamp. Chivallon, C. Cottias, M. Histoire, Sciences Sociales, vol. Daget, S. Deslisle, P. Paris, Publisud. Fick, C. Knoxville, The University of Tennessee Press. Forsdick, C. Contemporary French and Franco- phone Studies, vol.

Frith, N. Modern and Contemporary France, vol. Hartkopf-Schloss, R. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press. Gautier, A. Geggus, D. Giraud, M.

Higman, B. Jennings, L. Cambridge, Cambridge UP. Lara, O. Michel, J. Rennes, Presses Universitaires de Rennes. Moitt, B. Women and Slavery in the French Antilles, Bloomington, Indiana UP. Nicolas, A. Northrup, D. Oudin-Bastide, C. La scandaleuse af- faire Spoutourne Paris, Editions Complexe.

Paquet, M. Fort-de- France, K. Pago, G. Fort-de- France, Desnel. Paris, Syllepse. Potthast B. Ibero-Amerikanisches Archiv.

Reinhardt, C. Reikat, A. Renard, R. Saugera, E. Paris, Karthala. Schmidt, N. Guadeloupe - Martinique - Guyane Paris, Perrin. Schmieder, U. Revista Cuadernos del Caribe, vol. Athens, Ohio UP, pp. Journal of Caribbean History, vol. Paris, Pagnerre. Fort-de-France Martinique , K. Tin, L. Paris, Stock. Tomich, D. Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana UP, pp. Weber, K. Journal of Mo- dern European History, vol. Zeuske, M. He susbsequently traveled as a valet through western Europe to the Caribbean and North America.

His trajectory from the son of a powerful general and governor in Borno to his enslaved status in the Ottoman Empire and then to a position as a freed servant to Russian nobility ultimately led to his enlistment in the all-black 55th Massachusetts Regiment during the Civil War in the United States. His promotion to sergeant in the Union Army in itself was unusual, and being born in Africa, the son of a distinguished general, makes his life even more so.

His odyssey was unique in the history of Africans in North America. His enslavement across the Sahara, rather than the Atlan- tic, involved a very different experience of Middle Passage. From there, he went to Imperial Russia as a freed servant to a Russian diplomat, and subsequently traveled extensively in western Europe. He then journeyed to North America and the Caribbean as the valet in the employ of a Dutch citizen before he enlisted in the Union Army.

The Tuareg raiders sold him to Abd-el-Kader, a merchant who took him first to Katsina in the Sokoto Caliphate and then via caravan across the Sahara.

They passed the desert oasis of Bilma, an important source of salt, and then continued to Murzuq, where he was sold to a Turkish officer, Aga Abdy, who was Albanian.

Daoud apparently re- alized that he had a particularly gifted young man and had other ideas in mind than the recovery of his investment; the price of ransoming was usually twice the cost of a slave. On leaving the Hijaz, they went to Muscat, where they stayed another month, before returning to Tripoli via Suez. Back at Tripoli Daoud learned that the market had burned down, destroying his tobacco shop and all his personal wealth.

Petersburg, and also in Boshoy Morskoy in the center of the city. As the renowned reformer of the Ottoman government, Rechid Pasha would not have violated religious law and custom that forbade sale of slaves to non-Muslims and foreigners.

His return to Borno was delayed, however, when he was offered a po- sition as the valet to Isaac Jacobus Rochussen , once a minor official in Dutch Suriname and somewhat of a scoundrel. George B. Incensed, the Rochussens left the church and wrote a letter that was published in the London Anti-Slavery Reporter February 1, and republished in the New York Times February 24 , with some controversial discussion that followed.

While there, Rochussen was suddenly called to Montreal for unexplained reasons. He found work on a steamer that went from Ogdensburg on the St. Lawrence River to Detroit, where he was lucky to meet the Rev. Petersburg, and who now helped him get a position teaching French, of all languages, to the African American community in Detroit.

From Detroit, he visited Toledo and from there went to Bellefontaine for some unknown reason and then to Sandusky City, on the shores of Lake Erie and an important departure point for African Americans attempting to reach Canada on the Underground Railroad via the lake crossing. Thereafter, he moved to Thomasville, Georgia, where he also taught school and where he claims to have begun to write his auto- biography, although there is evidence that he had already started that task, as documented in the October issue of Atlantic Monthly.

Later he moved to Minnesota, then Kansas and finally California, while Mrs. Rochussen moved to Sutton, Quebec, without her husband sometime before Thanks also to Guylaine Petrin for pursuing Rochussen in North America; see especially his admission to the bar in Vermont in ; as cited in Aldrich, L.

Mason and Co. Also see Andreas, A. Andreas, Chicago, p. It also provides the website visitor with the status of the website owners' content protection.

Learn More. Reproduction or re-publication of this content is prohibited without permission. Page Title:. Protection Status Unavailable. Page URL:. Page Link Unavailable We were unable to confirm the page you are trying to validate. Please ensure the badge is correctly installed. Zemmour has also been tried in several other cases, where he was acquitted. Yet Zemmour in recent weeks has repeated similar comments and lawyers contesting his acquittal plan to cite that point as evidence when their appeal is heard in January.

Hate speech trial opens for French far-right pundit. French far-right TV pundit Eric Zemmour, expected to run for the presidency, stands trial Wednesday in Paris for inciting racial hatred after comments on unaccompanied migrant children.



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